Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics

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ACS-102 - Cooling Tower Training Unit



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Reference : ACS-102



General Description

The ACS-102 is a wet cooling tower system designed to replicate industrial cooling processes using forced draft ventilation. This complete educational unit enables detailed study of thermal and air-water interactions within a cooling column.

The system includes a full water circuit with pump, filter, valve, and spray nozzle, along with a radial fan and a three-stage electric heater with thermostat control.

Applications

  • Technical and university education
  • Heat transfer studies
  • Psychrometric analysis
  • HVAC and energy engineering training

Key Features

  • Wet cooling tower with interchangeable column
  • Optional interchangeable wet deck surfaces
  • Forced ventilation via radial fan
  • Airflow control via throttle valve
  • Demister to reduce water losses
  • Make-up water tank for compensation
  • Display of temperature, pressure, flow rate, humidity
  • ADF software for USB data acquisition (Windows)

Educational Capabilities

Process Analysis

  • Full industrial process simulation
  • Evaporation process observation
  • Water distribution visualization



TE-101 - Temperature Measurement Training Set



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Reference : TE-101



The TE-101 is a comprehensive training system designed for studying and comparing different temperature measurement methods used in industrial and scientific environments.

It enables analysis of both mechanical and electronic measurement techniques, including steady-state and transient thermal behavior.

🔍 General Description

Various physical principles are used to measure temperature. The TE-101 allows users to observe and compare these methods under real operating conditions using both analog and electronic instruments.

Temperature sensors are mounted on a height-adjustable platform, allowing immersion in a heated water tank up to 80°C. A fan ensures nearly constant ambient conditions, while a second tank with an electronically controlled heater provides precise temperature control.

Measured values can be displayed in analog or digital form and recorded continuously using a 3-channel line recorder, making it possible to analyze response times and temperature variations.

⚙️ Key Features

  • Steady-state and transient temperature measurement
  • Comparison of multiple sensor technologies
  • Controlled temperature steps up to 80°C
  • Analog and digital measurement display
  • Continuous data recording (3-channel recorder)
  • Stable ambient conditions ensured by integrated fan
  • HDMI panel interface

🎯 Applications

  • Technical and academic training
  • Educational laboratories
  • Sensor and instrumentation studies
  • Thermal control system analysis

TE-102 - Fundamentals of Humidity Measurement Training Set



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Reference : TE-102



The TE-102 is a comprehensive educational system designed for studying the fundamentals of air humidity measurement. It allows direct comparison of different measurement methods commonly used in industrial applications such as drying processes and air conditioning systems.

🔬 Product Description

The trainer features a climatic chamber with a transparent door, enabling real-time observation of humidity changes. Four different measuring instruments are integrated for direct comparison:

  • Psychrometer (evaporation cooling principle)
  • Hair hygrometer (natural fiber-based)
  • Capacitive hygrometer (electronic sensor)
  • Synthetic fiber hygrometer with integrated temperature sensor

The climatic chamber allows precise humidity control using:

  • An ultrasonic humidifier
  • A Peltier-based dehumidification system
  • A fan for air circulation and uniform distribution

⚙️ Key Features

  • Comparison of 4 humidity measurement methods
  • Adjustable humidity climatic chamber
  • Transparent door for direct observation
  • Ultrasonic humidification system
  • Peltier cooling dehumidification
  • Integrated air circulation fan
  • 2 mechanical and 2 electronic measuring instruments

🎓 Educational Applications

  • HVAC and thermal engineering training
  • Humidity sensor studies
  • Measurement method comparison
  • Laboratory practical experiments



TE-105 - Thermal Conductivity of Building Materials



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Reference : TE-105



The TE-105 is a laboratory and educational device designed for the analysis of thermal conductivity of non-metallic building materials according to DIN 52612 standards. It is ideal for studying thermal insulation performance and improving energy efficiency in construction.

🔍 Product Description

Thermal insulation is a key aspect of building physics, ensuring indoor comfort while minimizing energy consumption. The TE-105 enables precise investigation of thermal conductivity and resistance of various insulating materials.

Included samples (Armaflex, chipboard, PMMA, polystyrene, POM, cork, plaster, etc.) are placed between a heated plate and a water-cooled plate. Heat flow passing through the sample is measured using a dedicated heat flux sensor.

⚙️ Operating Principle

  • Hot plate heated by electric heating element (500 W)
  • Cold plate cooled by water circulation
  • Temperature sensors (inlet, outlet, plate centers)
  • Clamping system for consistent thermal contact
  • Software-controlled temperature regulation (Windows 10 compatible)
  • USB data transfer to PC

🧪 Experiments

  • Determination of thermal conductivity
  • Calculation of thermal resistance
  • Analysis of multiple materials in series

✅ Key Benefits

  • Delivered fully assembled and ready to use
  • Accurate and repeatable measurements
  • Perfect for education and research labs
  • Wide range of tested materials



TE-106 - Free and Forced Convection System



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Reference : TE-106



The TE-106 is a comprehensive educational system designed for studying and demonstrating thermal convection phenomena, including both natural (free) and forced convection. It is ideal for technical and academic laboratories.

🔬 Product Description

The system is based on a vertical air duct where different heating elements can be inserted. An axial fan located at the top draws ambient air into the duct and forces it through the channel.

As the air flows over the heating elements, it absorbs heat, enabling detailed analysis of convection processes. The unit includes four heating elements with different geometries, two of which can also be used outside the duct for natural convection experiments.

Its compact design ensures fast heating and efficient experimental operation.

⚙️ Key Features

  • Study of free and forced convection
  • Vertical air duct (125 x 125 x 1000 mm)
  • High-sensitivity speed-controlled fan
  • Multi-point temperature measurement system
  • Accurate air velocity sensor
  • Heating power: 290 W
  • Max air velocity: 4 m/s
  • User-friendly software compatible with Windows 10
  • Data acquisition system (DAQ) via Ethernet
  • Emergency stop and main switch included

🧪 Experiments

  • Natural (free) convection experiments
  • Forced convection experiments
  • Heat transfer comparison on different surfaces
  • Heat distribution analysis in the duct
  • Reynolds and Nusselt number calculations
  • Heat transfer coefficient determination
  • Heat transfer rate calculation

TE-107 - Convection and Radiation Training Set



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Reference : TE-107



The TE-107 is an advanced educational system designed to analyze and distinguish heat transfer mechanisms by convection and radiation under real operating conditions.

🔍 Description

In real thermal systems, heat transfer occurs simultaneously through conduction, convection, and radiation. The TE-107 enables users to isolate and study the individual contributions of convection and radiation.

The system is based on a heated metal cylinder placed at the center of a pressure vessel. Surface temperature is controlled, while sensors measure temperature and pressure conditions.

⚙️ Key Features

  • Study of heat transfer by convection and radiation
  • Operation under vacuum or positive pressure
  • Comparison between different gases (air, nitrogen, helium, CO₂)
  • Minimized conduction losses via optimized suspension
  • Precise temperature control
  • Data acquisition and analysis via dedicated software

🧪 Possible Experiments

  • Heat transfer under vacuum (radiation dominant)
  • Heat transfer with gases (convection)
  • Gas comparison studies
  • Effect of pressure on heat transfer



TE-109 - Radial and Linear Heat Conduction System



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Reference : TE-109



The TE-109 system is a complete educational platform designed for experimental analysis of heat conduction in solids under linear and radial conditions. It is ideal for technical and higher education applications.

🔬 General Description

Heat conduction is a fundamental mode of heat transfer based on kinetic energy exchange between molecules. The TE-109 enables steady-state heat conduction experiments using integrated heating and cooling systems.

  • Linear heat conduction module
  • Radial heat conduction module

⚙️ Key Features

  • High-precision temperature measurement sensors
  • USB and Ethernet data transmission
  • PC interface with data acquisition software
  • PID temperature control
  • Digital display

🧪 Experiments

  • Verification of Fourier’s Law
  • Linear and radial temperature distribution
  • Thermal conductivity calculation
  • Effect of cross-section variation
  • Surface contact resistance
  • Composite material conduction
  • Insulation heat transfer analysis

🏭 Applications

  • Engineering laboratories
  • Technical training centers
  • Thermal engineering education
  • Heat exchanger studies



TE-110 - Laws of Radiant Heat Transfer and Exchange



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Reference : TE-110



General Description

The TE-110 is a complete experimental unit designed for studying the laws of radiant heat transfer. Thermal radiation is an energy transfer mechanism via electromagnetic waves emitted by any body above absolute zero.

This educational system allows investigation of thermal and light radiation, including UV, visible, and infrared radiation, making it ideal for physics and thermal science laboratories.

Main Features

The system includes two radiation sources: a thermal radiator and a light source. Detection is carried out using a thermopile for thermal radiation and a photodiode-based lux meter for light radiation.

Optical components such as filters, diaphragms, and absorption plates can be mounted on a graduated optical bench for precise distance measurements.

Measurement and Analysis

All components can be rotated to analyze the effect of angle of incidence on radiation intensity. Measured values are digitally displayed and transferred to a PC via USB for analysis.

Experiments

  • Lambert’s law (direction and distance)
  • Stefan-Boltzmann law
  • Kirchhoff’s laws
  • Radiation absorption and reflection
  • Thermal and light radiation studies
  • Influence of distance and angle
  • Wide experimental range



TE-121 - Heat Exchanger Training Bench



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Reference : TE-121



General Description

The TE-121 is an educational laboratory equipment designed for studying the construction, operation, and performance of various types of heat exchangers used in industrial applications.

Educational Applications

Experiments and Studies

  • Study of heat exchanger operating principles
  • Thermal performance analysis
  • Understanding heat transfer mechanisms
  • Evaluation of heat losses

Types of Heat Exchangers Studied

  • Shell and tube heat exchanger
  • Plate heat exchanger
  • Air/water heat exchanger
  • Pipe-in-pipe heat exchanger
  • Jacketed stirred vessel heat exchanger

Included Modules

  • TE-121.01 – Tubular Heat Exchanger Module
  • TE-121.02 – Plate Heat Exchanger Module
  • TE-121.03 – Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger Module
  • TE-121.04 – Jacketed Stirrer Module



TFM-500 – Thermodynamic Cycles of Reciprocating Machines



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Référence : TFM-500



General Description

The TFM-500 is a complete educational system designed for studying thermodynamic cycles of reciprocating machines, particularly compressed air generation systems. It enables analysis of a two-stage compressor and visualization of compression processes using a p-V diagram.

Applications

  • Technical and engineering education
  • Industrial pneumatic system training
  • Energy and mechanical engineering laboratories
  • Thermodynamic cycle demonstrations

Main Features

  • Recording characteristics of a two-stage compressor
  • Visualization of compression processes (p-V diagram)
  • Measurement of pressure, temperature, and electrical power
  • Determination of intake volumetric flow rate
  • Intercooling between compression stages
  • Touchscreen control with intuitive interface
  • PLC-based system control
  • Remote operation via integrated router (up to 10 devices)
  • Internal data storage via USB